Mã hóa URL
Mã hóa và giải mã URL với percent-encoding.
Các ví dụ nhanh chóng
Cong cu ma hoa va giai ma URL: giai thich percent-encoding
URL (Uniform Resource Locators) chi co the chua mot tap hop han che cac ky tu ASCII. Khi URL can bao gom cac ky tu dac biet nhu khoang trang, dau tieng Viet, dau hoi them hoac ky tu cua cac ngon ngu khac, chung phai duoc chuyen doi sang dinh dang an toan goi la percent-encoding. Vi du, khoang trang tro thanh %20 va cac ky tu Unicode duoc bieu dien bang cac chuoi byte UTF-8 duoc ma hoa.
Ham encodeURIComponent cua JavaScript ma hoa tat ca cac ky tu ngoai tru chu cai, chu so va cac ky tu - _ . ~ la an toan theo tieu chuan RFC 3986. Dieu nay khac voi encodeURI, khong ma hoa cac ky tu thuoc cau truc URL nhu / : ? # va cac ky tu khac. Doi voi tham so truy van va gia tri rieng le, encodeURIComponent la lua chon dung.
Cong cu cua chung toi xu ly tat ca cuc bo tren trinh duyet, khong gui du lieu den may chu ben ngoai. Ban co the ma hoa URL day du, tham so rieng le hoac bat ky van ban nao can bao gom an toan trong URL. Chuc nang hoan doi cho phep ban xac minh nhanh chong rang viec ma hoa da duoc thuc hien dung bang cach giai ma ket qua.
Câu hỏi thường gặp
Percent-encoding la gi?
Percent-encoding (con goi la URL encoding) la co che de bieu dien cac ky tu dac biet trong URL. Moi ky tu khong an toan duoc thay the bang dau % theo sau boi hai chu so thap luc phan dai dien cho gia tri byte trong UTF-8. Vi du, khoang trang duoc ma hoa thanh %20.
Khi nao toi can ma hoa URL?
Ban can ma hoa URL khi bao gom du lieu nguoi dung trong tham so truy van, khi gui bieu mau bang GET, khi xay dung URL dong trong code, hoac khi URL chua cac ky tu khong phai ASCII. Neu khong ma hoa, trinh duyet hoac may chu co the dien giai sai cac ky tu nay.
Su khac nhau giua encodeURI va encodeURIComponent la gi?
encodeURI ma hoa toan bo URL nhung giu nguyen cac ky tu cau truc nhu /, :, ?, #, & va =. encodeURIComponent ma hoa tat ca cac ky tu dac biet khong ngoai le. Su dung encodeURI cho URL day du va encodeURIComponent cho gia tri tham so rieng le. Cong cu nay su dung encodeURIComponent, ly tuong de ma hoa gia tri tham so.